Description
What is Babiana?
Babiana, commonly known as Baboon Flowers, is a striking bulbous perennial from the Iridaceae family, prized for its vibrant, star-shaped blooms and soft, textured foliage. Native to South Africa’s Cape Province, Babiana thrives in Mediterranean climates and is ideal for Australian gardens. The name comes from baboons seen digging up and eating the corms in the wild.
These flowers bloom in purples, blues, pinks, and whites, creating a delightful spring display. Each stem produces multiple blossoms, extending the bloom period for weeks. Unlike freesias, Babiana flowers are fragrance-free, making them a great option for allergy sufferers.
Climate Suitability
Babianas are highly adaptable and can grow across Australian climates, from cool to tropical. They thrive in various conditions but perform exceptionally well in temperate and Mediterranean regions. In subtropical and tropical areas, planting during cooler months ensures success.
Storage and Dormancy
Babiana corms are supplied dormant for easy handling. If planting is delayed, store them in a cool, dry, well-ventilated spot. Keep them away from fruits that release ethylene gas, which can cause sprouting. Check regularly for rot or mould.
Outdoor Planting
Plant Babianas in sunny garden beds, borders, or rockeries. In wetter climates, raised beds or well-draining areas help prevent waterlogging. Once established, they tolerate drought, making them ideal for low-maintenance gardens.
Naturalisation
Babianas are well-suited to naturalising in temperate and Mediterranean climates, where they spread easily in gardens with minimal maintenance. They can also naturalise in subtropical regions with well-draining soil and protection from excess moisture. In tropical climates, planting in elevated areas improves success. Babianas tolerate cold conditions but require protection from heavy frost. Once established, they also endure dry periods.
Cut Flowers
Babianas make excellent cut flowers, adding a splash of colour to indoor arrangements. Their blooms hold well in a vase and last over a week. To maximise vase life, cut stems at an angle in the morning and place them in water immediately.
Planting and Care Guide
Planting Time: Plant from March to June. In cooler areas, plant in early autumn. Subtropical and tropical regions should aim for late autumn to early winter to avoid heat.
Location: Choose a spot with full sun to light shade and well-draining soil. Babianas thrive in garden beds, borders, and containers.
Depth and Spacing: Plant corms about 10 cm deep and 10-15 cm apart. Cover with soil and firm gently.
Fertilising: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertiliser at planting. Reapply in late winter or early spring when new shoots appear.
Mulching: Add a light layer of organic mulch to help retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.
Watering: Water thoroughly after planting. During the growing season, keep the soil moist but avoid waterlogging. Reduce watering once established.
Division and Aftercare
After flowering, allow the foliage to die back naturally to strengthen the corms for the next season. Avoid cutting foliage too early, as it continues to photosynthesise and store energy for future growth.
Babianas grow in clumps that can become overcrowded, reducing flowering. Divide every 3-4 years during dormancy to maintain healthy growth. Carefully lift clumps using a garden fork. Gently separate corms by hand, ensuring roots remain attached. Discard damaged corms. Replant promptly, spacing them to allow for spreading.
Pest and Disease Management
Babianas are generally resilient but can be affected by pests and diseases.
Common Pests:
- Aphids: Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Slugs and Snails: Use traps or organic pellets to manage them.
Disease Prevention: Ensure good air circulation and avoid waterlogging. Inspect plants regularly and remove affected parts.
Safety
Babianas are not highly toxic but may cause mild irritation if ingested. Keep bulbs out of reach of pets and children. Wear gloves if you have sensitive skin.
Supplied as dormant bulbs.